Windows Server as a Server OS: Benefits, Challenges, and Comparisons with Linux and Unix

When considering server operating systems, one often hears the debate between Windows, Linux, and Unix. As a server administrator, it's important to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each to make an informed decision based on specific needs. This article delves into the advantages of using Windows Server over Linux and Unix from an administrator's perspective.

Security Considerations

From a security standpoint, a common misconception is that Windows lacks effective security despite the presence of many controls. The reality is that while there are numerous security mechanisms in place, the underlying design flaws can still allow malware to compromise entire networks. On the other hand, the extensive open-source community has significantly bolstered Linux and Unix security over the years, making them highly secure options.

Automation and Scripting

A frequent challenge when working with Windows Server is automating tasks, which can be more straightforward on Linux. Writing batch files to perform tasks on Windows can be complex and time-consuming, while scripting on Linux is often much more efficient and easier to maintain. This makes Linux a preferred choice for automated configurations despite the initial learning curve for new administrators.

The World of Open Source Software

Another aspect to consider is the availability of open-source software. Most open-source software packages designed for servers are geared towards a Linux environment. These tools are not only numerous but also extensively developed, making Linux an easy and logical choice for server management. This collective effort and the vast amount of resources available make Linux a compelling option for administrators.

Consistency and Familiarity

In many organizations, there is often consistency in the type of operating system used across all desktop and server environments, which is facilitated by having only one version of Windows. This can simplify training and certification processes. However, for those used to working with different Unix and Linux distributions, the learning curve can be steep. Although Windows offers a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI), it can sometimes be less intuitive for experienced Unix and Linux administrators.

Job Market and Application Compatibility

The job market for administrators familiar with Windows Server is also more abundant and typically less expensive than for those with Linux expertise. Additionally, many back-office business applications are designed to run on Windows, limiting the need for Linux-based solutions. In some cases, such as the popular Syspro ERP application, the server component only runs on Windows servers, making the choice clear for organizations relying on these applications.

My Personal Experience

Based on my experience working with Windows NT 4, Windows 2000 Server, and various Unix and Linux systems over the past three decades, the only real advantage of Windows is the single certification path. Each Unix variant has its own unique set of challenges and complexities, which can be difficult for a Linux administrator who is not familiar with them. However, familiarity with an OS is key; the easiest OS to use is the one you are most comfortable with. While Windows might initially seem simpler, a Linux administrator with limited experience can struggle with more complex tasks, such as troubleshooting a specific issue on a Windows server.

Conclusion

The decision to use Windows Server over Linux or Unix should be based on specific needs, budget, and the familiarity of the administrator with the OS. While Windows Server has its advantages in terms of security, ease of use, familiarity, and application compatibility, it is not inherently superior to Linux or Unix for all tasks. Instead, the choice should be guided by a clear understanding of the requirements and the skills of the administrative team.