Why Light Speed Must Be the Maximum Speed for Phenomena in the Universe

Introduction

Understanding why light speed is the maximum speed for all physical phenomena in the universe is crucial for grasping fundamental principles of physics. No massive object can ever exceed this speed, and there is a compelling reason for this limit based on the interplay between spacetime, the Higgs field, and the nature of particles.

Understanding the Ultimate Speed Limit

Our universe has an ultimate speed limit—a cosmic cap above which nothing can travel. Without such a limit, the universe would consist solely of radiation, and there would be no matter, fundamentally altering its structure and behavior. This ultimate speed is known as the speed of causality, beyond which any occurrence would precede its cause, a concept that logically and physically cannot exist.

The Role of the Higgs Field

The Higgs field permeates all of space and interacts with other fields. This interaction between particles and the Higgs field is crucial. Many particles are slowed down due to their interaction with the Higgs field and consequently gain mass. In contrast, some particles, such as photons, do not interact with the Higgs field and therefore have no mass. Such particles must always move at the ultimate speed limit—the speed of light.

The Intimacy Between Photons and the Higgs Field

Photons are particles that do not interact with the Higgs field and thus do not have mass. As a result, they always move at the speed of light. They cannot slow down because such an interaction would add mass to them, turning them into massive particles. This means they would no longer be photons, as the force carriers of the electromagnetic (EM) interaction would be compromised.

Modern Physics and the Speed of Light

Despite extensive research, no definitive reason has been given for why light speed must be the fastest possible speed in the universe. One of the best explanations comes from Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. According to this theory, the oscillating electric and magnetic fields that constitute an electromagnetic wave always travel at a consistent speed—about 3 x 10^8 meters per second in a vacuum. This speed, denoted as c, is measured consistently across all inertial reference frames, providing a universal constant in physics.

Controversies and Lateral Thinking

While the scientific community largely accepts the speed of light as the ultimate speed limit, there have been occasional proposals of alternative physics models. These models typically come with evidence-based hypotheses that challenge existing theories, including Einstein's second postulate and Lorentz invariance used in spacetime relativity. However, these ideas are often met with resistance from mainstream scientists, who are often quick to dismiss any lateral thinking that goes beyond established principles.

Nonetheless, the fundamental question of why light speed is the maximum remains intriguing and continues to attract both skeptics and proponents. Further research and evidence will undoubtedly provide more insights into this cosmic speed limit.