The .460 Magnum vs. the .500 Magnum: Which is More Powerful?

The debate over whether the .460 Magnum is more powerful than the .500 Magnum is a topic of much discussion among gun enthusiasts. While both cartridges are renowned for their substantial power and ability to take down large game, the answer is not as straightforward as it might seem. This article aims to break down the key differences, taking into account factors such as bullet retention, energy distribution, and practical shooting distances.

Introduction to Power

When discussing the power of these cartridges, it's important to understand that the concept of "power" does not solely depend on the maximum pressure or chamber rating. Factors like bullet shape, barrel length, and energy retention play crucial roles. For a closer look, let's examine the specific performance metrics of both cartridges.

Energy Retention and Precision

The .460 Magnum retains more energy over longer distances, making it more precise on targets beyond 200 meters. This extends the range at which it can be reliably used, particularly for long-range shooting. Contrary to popular belief, within 50 to 100 meters, the .500 Magnum often holds more power, but it's the .460 Magnum that excels beyond this range. Its superior energy retention makes it a better choice for shots beyond 200 meters.

Pressure and Capacity

While the .460 Magnum has a higher chamber pressure rating of 65,000 psi compared to the .500 Magnum's 60,000 psi, the key difference lies in case capacity. The .500 Magnum has a larger case, allowing it to launch heavier bullets at higher velocities even at lower pressures. The .460 Magnum, despite its higher pressure, primarily uses a .452-inch bore, which limits its ability to propel the heaviest bullets as efficiently.

No Maximum Pressure Required

One of the surprising findings from recent research is that neither cartridge is typically loaded to their maximum capacity. Both cartridges have proven to be so powerful that they do not need to be pushed to their limits. Many shooters, including those who favor the .460 Magnum, do not take advantage of its higher pressure ratings, as they find the performance adequate without the need for maximum pressure.

Accuracy and Recoil

Both the .500 and .460 Magnum cartridges are notorious for their substantial recoil and muzzle blast, making them challenging to shoot accurately. For handgun hunters, this means that the shot must be placed precisely, with correct bullet placement being more critical than raw power. Only the most experienced and recoil-tolerant hunters should attempt to use these cartridges.

Penetration and Performance

In barrel-to-barrel tests using lead cast bullets and special 'penetrator' bullets, both cartridges perform nearly identically. The projectile weights may vary slightly, but the differences are minimal when compared on a chronograph. Both cartridges send hefty lead projectiles traveling at over 1,500 feet per second, and their penetration characteristics are on par.

Conclusion and Recommendation

Given the research and observations, if a definitive answer must be given, the .500 Magnum is slightly more powerful. However, the difference is minimal. For practical purposes, the .460 Magnum's superior energy retention and flat trajectory make it a better choice for long-range shooting, while the .500 Magnum's higher power within the first 100 meters is valuable for close-range hunting scenarios.

For those seeking the best in terms of one-shot kills, it's crucial to consider the cartridge's power alongside the shooter's skill and recoil tolerance. Neither the .460 nor the .500 Magnum should be taken lightly, and they are best used by the most experienced and skilled handgun hunters. The decision ultimately depends on the specific hunting conditions and the hunter's own capabilities.