Is Windows 11 Really More Secure than Linux Ubuntu and Debian?

Many argue that Windows 11 is more secure than its predecessors, due to the hardware requirements it imposes. However, this claim is often misleading and can be easily debunked. The security of an operating system is not just about the OS itself but also about the user's habits and configurations. This article explores the security differences between Windows 11, and two popular Linux distributions, Ubuntu and Debian, highlighting the true nature of security in these operating systems.

The Hardware Myth

Windows 11's heightened security is often linked to its demanding hardware requirements. The idea is that better hardware inherently means better security. However, this argument is flawed. The reality is that Windows 11, like other versions of Windows, can be made just as secure as older versions with proper configurations. Many users have successfully secured their systems using anti-virus software and other security measures. In contrast, the Linux kernel, used by Ubuntu and Debian, can be made as secure as Fort Knox, especially when the user follows strict security practices.

Security Depends on the User

The true security of any operating system lies in the hands of the user. Even the most secure OS can be rendered vulnerable through poor user practices. For example, Windows XP, despite being older, can be secured to a high standard if the user follows best security practices. Similarly, any Linux distribution, including Ubuntu and Debian, can be made extremely secure when used correctly. The security of a system is not a characteristic of the OS alone but a combination of the OS, user habits, and hardware.

Security Practices Matter More

One key factor in ensuring a system's security is the user's awareness and adherence to best security practices. For instance, most Windows users are not aware of the need for continuous updates, regular backups, and strong password management. In contrast, Linux users, particularly when using distributions like Ubuntu and Debian, are often more security-conscious. They tend to follow best practices such as regularly updating their systems, using strong passwords, and applying security patches quickly. This makes Linux systems less prone to security breaches, even without the latest hardware requirements.

The Myth of Market Share

Another common argument is that Windows has a larger market share, making it more vulnerable to attacks. However, when you consider factors such as Android, Google's spin with Linux Automotive, and the widespread use of Linux in critical systems like air traffic control and web servers, it's clear that Linux is much more ubiquitous than it appears. Numerous servers, especially those facing the internet, run on Linux. The US military, banks, stock exchanges, and many small businesses rely on Linux for its stability and security. The much smaller market share of Windows, especially in critical environments, means it is often the weak link in security.

Real-World Security Experiences

Personal experiences often highlight the security differences more clearly. Many individuals, including the author, have switched to Linux from Windows. For example, the author's wife uses Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) while he uses Linux Mint Cinnamon, both of which offer robust security without the need for constant updates that sometimes cause crashes in Windows. This transition is driven by the desire for a more secure and stable operating system.

Enterprise Security Case Studies

Enterprise-level security also supports the argument that Linux can be much more secure than Windows. In the case of MacDonald-Douglas, despite using Windows workstations, their critical Linux servers were compromised when MS workstations were infected. This led to a realization that Windows poses a significant security risk. Google, another major player, has switched a significant portion of its workstations to Linux, recognizing the importance of security. Google Chrome OS, another Google product, also utilizes the Linux kernel. These cases illustrate the growing shift towards Linux, driven by its security benefits.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while it is true that Windows 11 has some security improvements, these are often overhyped and not as significant as claimed. The true security of your system lies in the user's practices, rather than the operating system alone.Ubuntu and Debian, based on the Linux kernel, can be made as secure as Fort Knox if the user follows best security practices. Therefore, the choice of an operating system should be based on security practices and user awareness, rather than purely on the OS itself.

Key Takeaways:

The security of a system is not solely determined by the OS. Linux distributions like Ubuntu and Debian are highly secure when users follow best practices. Market share is not an accurate measure of security when considering critical systems.