Is Polygonal Rifling in a Pistol Worth It?

When discussing the complexities of modern firearm design, one specific aspect often sparks debate: polygonal rifling. While traditional rifling is a tried-and-true method, polygonal rifling has gained some attention. But is it really worth the investment? Let's break down the pros and cons of polygonal rifling in pistols.

Advantages of Polygonal Rifling

The primary advantage of polygonal rifling in pistols is its enhanced gas seal. This design can offer a superior gas seal compared to traditional rifling, which can lead to better performance and accuracy. This is especially beneficial in high-pressure environments, such as automatic pistols, where an efficient gas seal is crucial for optimal functionality.

In addition to better gas sealing, polygonal rifling is also easier to clean. Unlike traditional rifling, which can capture and retain fouling more readily, the polygonal profile allows for easier removal of contaminants. This makes maintenance a bit simpler, which can be a significant benefit for gun owners and especially for those who frequently shoot.

It's worth noting that despite these advantages, there are some limitations, particularly when it comes to the use of certain types of projectiles. Un-jacketed lead projectiles, for example, can quickly foul and obstruct a polygonal barrel, necessitating more frequent cleaning. However, with proper maintenance, this can be mitigated.

Challenges of Polygonal Rifling

The design and production of polygonal rifling present some challenges. Traditional rifling is easier to produce, making it a more common choice for many manufacturers. While companies like Glock have successfully overcome these challenges through economies of scale, a typical gunsmith may not have the necessary tools to produce polygonal rifled barrels. This can make acquiring or modifying a pistol with polygonal rifling more difficult for individual shooters.

Another challenge is the initial design complexity. While the advantages of polygonal rifling are recognized, the initial design and production process can be more intense and require specialized equipment. This can increase the labor and material costs, making polygonal rifling more expensive in certain cases.

Durability and Performance

When it comes to durability, polygonal rifling and traditional rifling offer similar results in many cases. Stress-free barrel steel remains a critical factor, regardless of the rifling type. From my experience, there is no significant difference in durability. Furthermore, the claims that polygonal rifling is more accurate have not been substantiated for me. Both types of rifling can perform equally well under identical conditions, focusing instead on the quality of the barrel steel and the gun's overall maintenance.

Historically, some manufacturers have experimented with polygonal rifling. A notable example is the Bundeswehr's decision to choose the USP with a polygonal barrel over the P1/P38 HK, which also featured a polygonal barrel. However, the Bundeswehr tested and ultimately opted for a regular rifled barrel for the P8, demonstrating that the practicality and performance of traditional rifling can sometimes outweigh experimental design choices.

Another point to consider is the market reception. While some manufacturers have embraced polygonal rifling, its adoption has been relatively limited. In the broader market, traditional rifling remains the standard, and this might influence the availability and cost of polygonal rifled pistols. If you're prioritizing ease of maintenance and proven reliability, traditional rifled barrels may be the safer choice.

Conclusion

The decision to opt for polygonal rifling in a pistol is not one that should be taken lightly. While there are benefits such as improved gas sealing and easier cleaning, there are also practical limitations and initial design challenges. The choice ultimately depends on your specific needs, the type of ammunition you plan to use, and your budget. If durability and accurate performance are your top priorities, and you're willing to invest in proper maintenance, polygonal rifling could be worth considering. However, if you prioritize ease of maintenance and proven reliability, traditional rifled barrels might be the way to go.