How to Create 12 Subnets from 192.168.10.0/24

To create 12 subnets from the IP address 192.168.10.0/24, you will need to perform subnetting. Let's break down the process step by step:

Step 1: Determine the Number of Bits Needed for Subnetting

You start with a /24 subnet mask, which means you have 24 bits for the network and 8 bits for the host portion, since IPv4 addresses are 32 bits total.

To find the number of subnets, you use the formula:

Number of subnets  2^n

where n is the number of bits you borrow from the host portion.

To create at least 12 subnets, find the smallest n such that:

2^n gt; 12

Calculating this, we find:

2^3  8 - not enough2^4  16 - sufficient

Thus, you need to borrow 4 bits.

Step 2: Calculate the New Subnet Mask

By borrowing 4 bits from the host portion, you add those bits to the existing 24 bits of the network portion:

24   4  28

Thus, the new subnet mask will be /28.

Step 3: Calculate the Number of Hosts per Subnet

With a /28 subnet mask, you have 32 - 28 4 bits left for hosts. The formula for the number of usable hosts is:

Usable hosts  2^h - 2

where h is the number of bits for hosts.

Calculating this, we get:

2^4 - 2  16 - 2  14

So, each subnet can have 14 usable hosts.

Step 4: Determine the Subnet Addresses

Now, you can calculate the subnet addresses. With a subnet mask of /28, each subnet will have a block size of 2^4 16 addresses.

The subnets will be:

192.168.10.0/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.15 192.168.10.16/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.16 - 192.168.10.31 192.168.10.32/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.32 - 192.168.10.47 192.168.10.48/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.48 - 192.168.10.63 192.168.10.64/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.64 - 192.168.10.79 192.168.10.80/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.80 - 192.168.10.95 192.168.10.96/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.96 - 192.168.10.111 192.168.10.112/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.112 - 192.168.10.127 192.168.10.128/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.128 - 192.168.10.143 192.168.10.144/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.144 - 192.168.10.159 192.168.10.160/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.160 - 192.168.10.175 192.168.10.176/28 - Addresses: 192.168.10.176 - 192.168.10.191

Summary

By subnetting 192.168.10.0/24 into /28 subnets, you can create 12 subnets each with 14 usable IP addresses. The subnets are listed above and you can use them as needed.